Door lock



June 1ro, :1941. H. E. FENDRING' 2.244,682

DobR Loox Filgd Jan. 27;, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENmR. H. E. Fendrin AT'mRNEY.

Patented June 10, 1941 Doon LooK Harry E. Fendrng, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor,

by mesne assignments, to California Lock Conipany, Los Angeles County-,Calif., a corporation of California Application January 27, 1939, SerialNo. 253,132

19 Claims.

My invention relates to door locks, portions thereof being applicable to door latches.

One of the principal objects of this inventionis to' provide a door lock-which is very simple-and economical'tc manufacture, proportionate toits functions, and which has relatively few parts compared with other locks and-latches.

Another very important object of this inventioh'is to provide-a lock-'of this class which requires a minimum of effort, time, and skill to install or to remove, 'and therebyl reducing installation` costs to a-minimum.

V- Another importantobject of 'this invention is to provide a simple and noveltemplate'formarkingth'e doorpreparatory to installation, and one which is simple to use, thereby further reducing installation costs, and also the elements of error.

Another very important obj ect ofV this 'invention isi-to provide a lock of this class having, what may be known as, a floating spindle, whichfmay be readily actuated for performing different functions.

Still another important object-is to provide a lock which-may be readily reversedsov that the lock maybe used ateither edge of door, or the specific knobs placed on either side of the door.

Another important object ofthis'invention is to provide a: noveland -simple dead-lock attachment, or-burglar-proof lock.v

Ari-important object also is the provision of a lockhaving relativelyA few screws;

A further object of this invention is'to provide a doorlock of this class which will not readily deteriorate or get out of order.

`vWith these and other objects in View, as will appear hereinafter, Ihave devised a door lock having certain novel-features of construction, combi-nation, and-arrangement of'parts and portions; as will be`-hereinafterdescribed in detail, and particularly set forth in the appended claims, reference"'beingl had to the accompanying drawings-and to-the charactersY of reference thereon, Whichform apart of this application, in which:

Figj-l is a transverse section of the free edge of a door, showing my door lock, in one' form, mounted thereon, portions of my lock being broken away and in section to facilitate the illustration, and other parts being shown by dotted lines when shifted; Y

Fig.V 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, with the section taken at 2f-2 of Fig. l, and showing: aI keyl in the'lock thereof;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary View ofthe ou-terend ofthe spindle;V u Figs. 4, 5, and Glare transverse sectional views thereof, takenv respectively at 4-'-4, 5 5, and 6-6jof Fig.` 2; l y

Fig. 7 isasectional View taken at 1 1 ofFig. 4, showingthe spindle locking means;

Fig. 8 is, a longitudinal sectional View of a modied construction of my door latchincorporating: features 'of my invention;

Fig. 9 Visaperspective.view of modied construction oi the bolt-retractingandstop means; auch VFig'. l0 Yis' a" perspectiveview oi the template for marking the door`tofacilitate installation.

The lock, shown= `inthe drawings, Ais' embodied in a conventional door; designated A, and is Vprovidedwithfa-'usualbolt or'latch Vmechanism B, anditheoperating mechanisms" C-and D for operating'thefdoorflockfrom the inside and outspect to the holes by a plurality of flanges or flat lugs if* and 2a whichA engage the cylindrical wallof the hole A1. These plates are temporarily secured in position, (that is, bypressing the same with the ngers) by spurs lb and 2lu which extend in the same direction as the flanges, but are shorter than said flanges andjare Vpositioned radially outwardly therefrom. The circumferential positions oi the discs are determined by marks' I`c anclZc which are aligned with marks on the door made' by means 'of notches`E3 on the template. These plates aresecured' together by bolts which consist preferablyof studs 2d, which may be integrally secured to the outside plate, and nuts Id Lscrewed on the studs'through the disc I; In these plates are rotatably mounted kno-bs 3 and `4,' respectively. These knobs may be retained in positionr by pins or studs 5 and 6. The discsI l and 2 may be concealed by ornamental escutcheon plates or covers 1 and 8v whiohmay be merelysnapped over the peripheral edges'of the discs. For this purpose the peripheral edges vof the discs are inwardly bevelled and the escutcheonplates are provided with similarly inclined `peripheral flanges. These ornamental escutcheon plates maybe omitted and-thediscs and E serve as the escutcheon plates for the lock.

A square spindle 9 extends axially into the knobs, is axially shiftable relative thereto and rotatable with both. The outer end 92 of the spindle is reduced and is threaded at its end. To this threaded end is secured a plug or button iu. Around this end of the spindle, and between the button it and shoulder 3a of the knob 3, is a compression spring li, which tends to force the spindle inwardly with respect to the door, that is, outwardly with vrespect to the knob 3. This is the locking position. and is shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2. i

In the knob 3 is a transverse slot 3b in which is mounted a yoke l2 which straddles the spindle and is adapted to enter a notch 9b in the spindle when the latter is shifted to its open or unlocked position by the button ID. A compression spring i3 is adapted to cause the yoke 2 to enter the notch 9b. The yoke may be unseated by a button 52a at the underside of the knob, and allow the spring to force the button lil beyond the knob 3, that is, force the spindle to its locking position,

In the knob i is mounted a conventional cylinder lock consisting of a cylinder barrel 2| and a cylinder plug 22 which receives a key F from the outer end of the cylinder lock. 'Ihe cylinder barrel of my cylinder lock has an outer annular flange Zia which forms the outer contour of the central portion of the knob. This cylinder barrel is secured in position in the knob by means of screws 23 from the inner end of the knob. The cylinder plug 22 has an axially extending tubular portion 22e into which a cylindrical portion 24 at the outer end of the spindle 3 extends. This cylindrical portion 24 is provided with helical cam grooves'Zila into which diametrically opposed lugs 22h, at the inner end of the tubular portion 22a, extend. Thus, when the cylinder plug 22 is rotated, the lugs 22b ride in the helical cam grooves and cause the spindle to move longitudinally. In this instance, if the key F is rotated clockwise, the spindle 9 is drawn outwardly, that is, against the action of the spring il,

The latch unit B of my lock consists of a housing 3|, a bolt 32, a spring 33, a link 34, and an operating arm 35.

The housing 3| has an enlarged outer end Sie, which is tapered inwardly from its outer face, and an inner portion 3|b of square crosssection, the latter portion having a longitudinal opening 35 of square cross-section. In this longitudinal opening is reciprocally mounted the bolt 32 which, at the outer end, is square and is of a size to slide freely in the opening.

I have made the outer end of the latch housing slightly tapered so that the same may be merely forced into the drilled hole A2, and frictionally retained therein without other securing means.

In the template E is provided a slit E4 whereby a mark is made on the edge of the door so that a corresponding mark 3|f on the latch housing may be aligned therewith, and the latch housing, thus, properly secured in position.

The outer end of the bolt has a bevelled or curved end 33e, as in the usual construction. The inner or flat side of the bolt, in contradistinction to the cut-a-way side, has a narrow plate portion 32h, which extends the full length of the bolt and projects through an opening 3|d at the inner end of the housing.V The bolt has a step portion 32c between the large outer end 32a and the narrow inwardly extending end 32h, in which one leg of the U-shaped wire link 34 is pivotally mounted. The cross-portion of this link is positioned in the rectangularly shaped opening 3| and extends beyond the rear wall of the latch housing. Between the step portion 32c of the bolt and the rear wall of the housing is positioned the compression spring 33. The

link 34 is connected to the portion 321- by forcing the bolt 32 inwardly, and then inserting the cross portion or outer leg of the link through a slot Ble at the side of the housing and into the registering opening in step 32C, as shown in Figs. l and 6.

The other or inner leg 34a of the link extends through a radial slot 35a in the bolt operating memberv or arm 35, which is secured, by a pin, to, and extends radially from the spindle 9.

Spaced from the arm 35,.that is, with respect to the axis of the spindle 9, is a stop 36, which is joined with the arm 35, at the opposite sides of the slot 35a, by walls 36a. When the spindle is forced in its outward or open position against the compression of the spring Il, and latched by yoke i2, the bolt 32 may be freely forced inwardly with the inner end of thelink moving in the radial slot of Athe arm 35. But when the spindle is released by the latch I2 and allowed to be forced longitudinally by the spring the stop 33 is shifted into the dotted line position, shown in Fig. l, in alignment with the link 34, and is thereby prevented from being forced inwardly. Thus, the bolt 32 cannot be pried inwardly unless a key F is used or the button |0 forced into the knob 3.

The arm 35 and stop 36 extend preferably in diametrically opposite directions 'so that the lock may be used on either edge or either side of a door.

Around the portion of the hub of the knob li, which extends inwardly from the escutcheon plate or disc 2, is a flexible coil spring 4| which has hooks #ila and 4|b at its ends. These hooks are hooked around the stud or projection 6, carried by the hub of the knob 4, and a pin 42 secured to the inner side of the disc or plate 2, all as shown best in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. As one of the knobs 3 or 4 is rotated in either direction, one of the hooks is held stationary by the pin l2 and the other hook is carried by the stud 6, exerting a tension on the spring, which spring in turn tends to return the knobs to a neutral position, as shown in Fig. 5. The end of the stud 5 is T-shaped so as to facilitate the retention of the spring 4| in position.

On the inner side of the disc or plate is an arcuate ange 5|, which provides a widened bearing for the inner end of the hub of the knob 3. At the upper side of the hub is located the pin 5, above referred to, which engages the ends of the flange 5| for limiting the rotation of the knobs and spindle in opposite directions from the aforementioned neutral position. The spindle 9 carries a long pin 53 which, when the spindle is shifted and latched by the latch I2, is clear of the flange 5|, but when the spindle is released by the latch, the pin 53 engages the inner edge of the ange. This flange is provided with a shallow notch 5W and a deeper notch 5|b, as shown best in Fig. 7. rIhe spring 4| holds the spindle and pin 53-in a neutral position, and when the spindle is released by the latch I2, the pin 53 enters the notch 5| a, locking the spindle against rotation in one direction, andv thereby preventing withdrawal of the bolt 32 by either knob,v After thefspindle is rotated iin' the opposltedirection, the pin 53`is forced into the notch ilbby the spring Il,l which prevents rotation of the spindle in-either direction, and prevents ab'- solutely the inward movement' of the bolt 32, by reason of the stop 36I being positioned in alignment with theV link 34; The bolt is thus locked while the pin 53 is in the notch 5|",4 unless, ofcourse, the button l is depressed orthe keysfinserted-and rotated. This also provides a-burglar-proof lock, so that a fiat instrument may not be placed between the door jam'b-and thefdoor for prying the bolt inwardly.

Itwill'be noted that if the arm 35 is secured to-the spindle Sin the dot and dash lines position, designatedA G in Fig. 6, the bolt and link will be in a deadcenter position with respect to the stop 361and the spindle 9, when the pin falls inthe notch Sib, thus, rendering the forcing of the bolt V32'inwardly still more difficult.

InA4 Fig; 9of the drawings, I have shown a modi-fied constructionof the bolt actuating arm 35" and the link 34which connects the bolt to the arm. In this modification the stop member or'lever 36 is eliminated, and the arm and link modifledinstead. This modification consists of a flattened portion 34h on=the round portion or leg 34* at the free end of the wire link, and a modified slot 35*l on the arm This modified slot is-narrow-but sufllcientlywide to receive only the flattenedA portion 34b of the link, The outer end of theslot is enlarged or provided with an enlarged cylindrical end` 35b for receiving the round portion 34c at the end of the leg 34a of the link. When the spindle 9 is in `an open or unlocked position, the arm 35` is in alignment-with the flattened portion 3l!b so as to permit' the b'olt32 to be freely moved inwardly from this outerlend, but this portion of the arm also permitslsaid varm Ato be freely rotated for withdrawing-thebolt. When thespindle is shifted to its locking position, as shown in Fig. 9, the rounded portion 34 is `positioned in the enlarged cylindrical hole- 35b which prevents the link` from being forced inwardly, thus,` forming a burglarproof, or dead-lock, as described above.

' When` the button I0 is depressed, as shown in Figs; 1 and 2,V the lock is open, that is, unlocked, andxserves merely as a latch, whereby the bolt maybe readily forced inwardly by the strike plateor'` the door jamb, and withdrawn or retracted-by eitherv knob when desiring to open theLdoor. When desiring to lock the door, which can only be done from the inside, and when the door! is either open or closed, the latch l2 is raised, allowing the spring Il, when the spindle isiin the central or neutral position, as shown, lto force the pin 53 intothe notch Sla. This prevents rotation of the knobs in one direction. As soon as one of the knobs is rotated in the oppositesdirection, the pin 53 falls intothe notch 51h, which .prevents either knob from turning, and alsof causesthe stop 36 to shift into alignment with 'the link 34 and thereby prevent the bolt from being forced. inwardly, The lock may again` It-will Vbealso noted that the cylindrical meinber 24- also has longitudinal walls IMaat-the inner ends of the helical camsto prevent complete rotation of the-cylinder plug'or key.

'I'hedevic'e shown' mayf be used Las af bedroom or-V other room` latch, without the lock inthe knob 4.v In" thisinstance, the knob 3 withits buttonll0 and latch IZis placed on the room sidey of the door which isto be locked.

' IfJit-i'sde'siredto-use theV structure. shownV as a' bathroom latch, ordinances often require the provision `of means" for unlockingv the door from the outside. To meet-l this requirement, I have provided a'p'in 6l at theunderside ofthe outsidekn'ob, as shown in Fig. 8, which Ipermits the bolt to be drawn'in the same direction asthe depressingof'the button l Il,` andthereby unlocking the structure.-

When-thelock isused asa room latch, the pin-andl notchvmean'smay consist merel-y of a pin-v 53|` and one notch 51h, so that! when the spring ll is released by the latch I2, the pin 53 is carried directly'. into the notch 5 Ib.

Though I` have shown anddescrib'ed a particular` construction,. combination and arrangementlof parts and portions, and certain modificationsthereof, and have referred particularly `to locks,A I doinot-wish to be limited'to'thesa'me butdesi-re to include inthe scope of my invention, the construction, combination, andarrangement-substantially a'sset forth in the appended claims, whetherA applied to locks, latches or analogous devices.`

1..In adool.1ock, a housing, operating members rotatably Vmounted on but axially fixed at the Aoppositelsidesoiethe housing, -aspindle rotatably mountedfin thehousing land axiallyreciprocable vwith respect? to' the operating members,a- 4bolt reciprocallly mounted at right angles to `the spindle, means on `the spindle for retracting-L the bolt randi-to allow free reciprocation'of the bolt -when the spindle is in one position, stop means in` connection with the Ibolt retracting r means and raxially shiftable with the spindle to prevent? free reciprocation of 1 theboltwhen the spindle is axially shifted fromsaid position, and means for positively-retaining 'the spindle in the latter position.

2. In a-door'lock, a housing, a-spindle rotatably" mounted and axially' reciprocable inthe housing,l abolt reciprocally mounted at rig-ht angles Lto, the spindle; a slotted arm on the spindle,alpiv`oted link extending" from the bolt into theslot ofi-thearm-for retracting the bolt, said slot allowing `free inward movement of the `bolt when the spindle is in one position, a stop on the spindle adapted' to beshifted by the spindle in alignment withY theI link to prevent such inward movement -of the bolt, and fmeans" for` retaining the spindle in said shifted position.'

3; In a door lock, a'- housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and` axially reciprocable in the housing, a bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, a slotted-arm on -thespin- `dle, a pivoted li'nkextendingl from the ybolt-into the slot of the arm for retracting the bolt, said slot allowing free inward movement of the bolt whenfth'e spindle is in one position', said arm havinga stop spaced from the slottedportion, said' stop beingadaptedto be shifted by the spindlefand with-the arm'in-alignment `with the 'link to prevent such inward movement of theL bolt, and means for retain-ing the spindle in f said shiftedposition.

4. In av door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a -bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is in unlocked position, a pin and notch means associated with the spindle, a' spring Vnormally urging the pin to enter the notch of the pin andl notch means for locking the spindle, means for manually moving the spindle against the action of the spring, and a latch for latching the spindle in an unlocked position when shifted by s aid manual means for holding the pin out of the notch.

5. In a door lock, :a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle isin unlocked position, a pin and a notch means associated with the spindle, a spring normally lurging the pin to enter the notch of the pin and the notch means for locking the spindle, means at one end of the spindle for manually moving the spindle against the action of the spring, a helical cam on the opposite end of the spindle, and `a cylinder lock having a cylinder plug for engaging the helical cam and shifting the spindle in the same direction Yas said manual means.

6. In a door lock, a pair of spaced axially aligned plates, a pair of door knobs `axially aligned 4and rotatably mounted on said plates, ya spindle axially aligned and rotatable .with4 both knobs, but shiftable longitudinally with respect thereto, a bolt, means connecting the spindle to the bolt for causing retraction thereof when the spindle is in an unlocked position, stop means in connection with the spindle to prevent free reciprocation of the bolt, a spring for normally forcing the spindle into a locking position and for shifting the stop means into a'position to prevent the rectprocation of the bolt, a manual means in one of said knobs for forcing the spindle against the .action of the spring, a latch means for latching the spindle in the latter position, and means in the other knob for forcing the spindle in the same direction as said manual means.

'7. In a door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a latch member movably mounted at one side of the spindle, an larm on the spindle, said arm having a narrow slot and enlarged opening at the outer end of the slot, a link connected to the latch member and provided at its inner end with a narrow portion adapted to slide in the slot and also provided with an enlarged portion adapted to fit 'freely in the enlarged opening at the outer end of the slot, means for shifting the spindle longitudinally and said arm in alignment with the narrow aportion of the link, means for shifting the spindle into a locking position with the arm in alignment with the enlarged portion of the link to prevent shifting of the latch member, and means to limit the rotation of the spindle. f

8. In a door lock, a bolt housing having a longitudinal opening and an abutment -at the inner end of the opening, a bolt having a large outer end slidably fitting into said opening and having a plate portion extending backwardly through the rear end of the housing at one side of said abutment, a spring between the large end of the bolt and said abutment, and a substantially YU-shaped link pivotally connected with one leg in the enlarged portion of the oolt and with the other leg extending beyond the innervend of the housing, the portion of the link connecting the legs being positioned within the longitudinal opening vof the housing between the spring and the adjacent wall of the housing.

9. In la door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocaf tion of the bolt when the spindle is in unlocked position, stop means on and axially shiftable with the spindle to prevent free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is axially shifted from said unlocked to a locking position, an actuating member for manually forcing the spindle and stop means from a locking to an unlocked position, a spring positioned for normally forcing the spindle into a locking position and urging the actuating member in opposition to manual operation, and a latch for latching the spindle in an unlocked position when said spring actuated member is manually operated.

l0. In a door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, al bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is in unlocked position, stop means on and axially shiftable with the spindle to prevent free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is axially shifted from said unlocked to a locking position, a spring normally forcing the spindle into locking position, a latch for latching the spindle in an unlocked position against the action of said spring, a pin and a notch means in connection with the spindle whereby the pin is forced into a notch of the notch means by the spring when released by the latch, said notch being so shapedas to allow rotation of the spindle in one direction, and another notch in connection with the former notch means for receiving the pin when thespindle is rotated in the latter direction, to thereby shift the stop into operative position.

1l. In a door lock, a pair of spaced axially aligned plates, a pair of door knobs axially aligned and rotatably mounted on said plates but axially fixed with respect thereto, a spindle mounted with its ends in both knobs and axially aligned and rotatable therewith, but shiftable longitudinally with respect thereto, a bolt, means connecting the spindle to the bolt for causing retraction thereof when the spindle is in anunlocked position, a spring for normally forcing the spindle into a locking position, and a manual means in one of said knobs for forcing the spindle against the action of the spring.

l2. In a door lock, a housing, Voperating members rotatably mounted but axially secured to the opposite sides of the housing,Y a spindle mounted with its ends on and rotatable with both of said operating members and axially reciprocable with respect to both, a latch member, and means on the spindle for retracting the latch member. l

13. In a door lock, a housing, operating members rotatably mounted on the opposite sides oi the housing, an axially shiftable latch operating member in the housing, a latch member, means connecting the latch member to the actuating member for operating the latch member when the actuating member is in unlocked position,

means for axially shifting the actuating member into locking and unlocked positions, a helical cam on one end of the actuating member and in association with one of the operating members, and a lock having a cylinder plug for engaging the helical cam and shifting the actuating member in one direction, said helical cam having a longitudinal passage for allowing the actuating member to be shifted axially in the same direction without the movement of said helical cam.

14. In a door lock, a housing, operating members rotatably mounted on` the opposite sides of the housing, an axially shiftable latch operating member in the housing, a latch member, means connecting the latch member to the actuating member for operating the latch member when the actuating member is in unlocked position, means for axially shifting the actuating member into locking and unlocked positions, a helical cam on one end of the actuating member and in association with one of the operating members, and a lock having a cylinder plug for engaging the helical cam and shifting the actuating member in one direction said helical cam having a longitudinal passage for allowing the actuating member to be shifted axially in the same direction without the movement of said helical cam,

said helical cam extending less than a completeA circle to limit the circular movement of said cylinder plug.

15. In a door lock, a pair of spaced axially aligned plates, a pair of latch operating members mounted on said plates, a spindle mounted to rotate with both of the operating members, a bolt, a. bolt actuating means mounted on the spindle, said means consisting of a hub and slotted arms extending in diametrically opposite directions therefrom, and a link connected to said bolt and extending into the slot of one of the arms, said means being constructed so that the link may be extended into the slot of the other arm when the bolt is positioned at the diametrically opposite side of said spindle.

16.` In a door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a boltreciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is in an open position, stop means in connection with the bolt retracting means to prevent free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is axially shifted from said open to a locking position, a manual means at one end of the spindle for positively manually forcing the spindle and the stop means from a locking to an open position, a latch for latching the spindle in said open position when said manual means is operated, and means at the opposite ends of the spindle for shifting the spindle in the same direction as the manual means.

17. In a door lock, a housing, a pair of knobs axiaily aligned with each other and rotatably mounted on the housing, a spindle axially aligned and rotatable with both knobs, but shiftable longitudinally with respect thereto, a bolt, means connecting the spindle to the bolt for causing retraction thereof when the spindle is an unlocked position, stop means in connection with the spindle to prevent free reciprocation of the bolt, a spring for normally forcing the spindle into a locking position and for shifting the stop means into a position to prevent the reciprocation of the bolt, a manual means in one of said knobs for forcing the spindle against the action of the spring, a latch means for latching the spindle in the latter position, and means in the other knob for forcing the spindle in the same direction as said manual means.

18. In a door lock, a pair of spaced axially plates, a pair of door knobs axially aligned with each other and rotatably mounted on said plates, a spindle axially aligned and rotatable with both knobs, but shiitable longitudinally with respect thereto, a latch member, and means on the spindle for retracting the latch member.

19. In a door lock, a housing, a spindle rotatably mounted and axially reciprocable in the housing, a bolt reciprocally mounted at right angles to the spindle, means on the spindle for retracting the bolt and to allow free reciprocation of the bolt when the spindle is in unlocked position, a spring normally forcing the spindle into a locking position, a latch for latching the spindle in an unlocked position against the action of said spring, a pin and a notch means in connection with the spindle whereby the pin is forced into a notch of the notch means by the spring when released by the latch, said notch being so shaped as to allow rotation of the spindle in one direction, and another notch in connection with the former notch means for receiving the pin when the spindle is rotated in the latter direction for holding the spindle against rotation in latter direction.

HARRY E. FENDRING. 

